The flat, windswept Orkney Islands, just off the northeast coast of Scotland, have a distinctive Scandinavian heritage that’s discernible in everything from the unusual place names to the ancient Norse architecture of the capital, Kirkwall. Don’t miss the Ring of Brodgar, a fascinating Neolithic stone circle.

Fair Isle is the UK’s most remote inhabited island, lying roughly halfway between Shetland and Orkney. The island is tiny, just 3 miles by 1½ miles, and is renowned for its traditional knitwear. It’s also a birdwatching hotspot, serving as both an important breeding ground for seabirds and as a stopping-off point for migrant species.

Lerwick is the only town of any size in the Shetland islands, and originally grew up around the herring trade. Highlights include the charming 18th century architecture along the waterfront and the informative Shetland Museum, which provides an excellent introduction to the history and culture of the islands.

Westray is the largest of Orkney’s Northern Islands, and has a fascinating archaeological heritage. Key sites include the Quoygrew Viking longhouse, the 12th-century Cross Kirk and St Mary’s church in Pierowall, home of the Westray Heritage Centre and the remarkable Westray Stone, a Neolithic carving dating back more than 4,000 years.

This little village on the north coast of Scotland is an important fishing port, and a ferry runs between Scrabster and Stromness in the Orkney Islands. Munitions were shipped from here to Scapa Flow during the Second World War, and nearby attractions include the historic Castle of Mey.